Meaning
to concentrate; to focus; to be absorbed in; to converge
Nuance & Usage
集中する means to direct one's full attention and energy to something, or for things to converge in one place. 勉強に集中する (to concentrate on studying), 仕事に集中できない (can't focus on work), 集中力 (shuuchuu-ryoku — concentration, ability to focus) are common uses. It also describes convergence: 人口が都市に集中する (population concentrates in cities). 集中して聞く (to listen attentively) and 集中豪雨 (shuuchuu gouuu — localized heavy rain, concentrated rainfall) show its dual usage.
Common Mistakes
Learners sometimes confuse 集中する with 専念する (sennen suru — to devote oneself exclusively to, stronger commitment) and 注目する (chuumoku suru — to pay attention to, focus one's gaze). 集中する is the most versatile for "concentration" in both mental focus and physical convergence contexts. The particle is に: 〜に集中する (to concentrate on ~). 集中できない (can't concentrate) is very natural in everyday speech. Don't confuse 集中 (concentration) with 集合 (shuugou — gathering/assembly).
Example Sentences
試験前は、スマホを見ないで勉強に集中した。
しけんまえは、すまほをみないでべんきょうにしゅうちゅうした。
Before the exam, I focused on studying without looking at my phone.
騒がしい環境では集中できないので、図書館で作業する。
さわがしいかんきょうではしゅうちゅうできないので、としょかんでさぎょうする。
I can't concentrate in a noisy environment, so I work at the library.
権力が一部の人に集中するのは危険だと言われている。
けんりょくがいちぶのひとにしゅうちゅうするのはきけんだといわれている。
It is said that the concentration of power in the hands of a few is dangerous.
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